THE ESSENCE, COMPONENTS AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE ENTERPRISE

Abstract

The labor force is the basis of the labor potential of the country and individual regions. Therefore, it is important to constantly monitor changes in this indicator, study the causes and predict the prospects for change. The purpose of the study is to analyze and assess the patterns of change in the labor force on the example of Volyn region as a border region. The total population aged 15-70 years during the analyzed period was virtually unchanged -750 thousand people. Analysis of changes in the labor force showed that there was a sharp decline from 383.6 thousand people in 2013 to 455.4 thousand people in 2014, or 28.2 thousand people, or 5.8%. Gradually, the number of labor force decreased in 2020 to the minimum level for the analyzed period - 416.0 thousand people, or decreased by 67.6 thousand people by 2013. Thus, the negative trend of declining labor force in the Volyn region during the period 2013-2020, especially in 2014, is associated with the influence of a number of factors that determined the change in the labor potential of the region as a whole. On the one hand, the tendency to decrease the employed population had a negative impact, especially in 2014, which was associated with a decrease in economic activity of economic entities in the region and the country as a whole due to change of government, annexation of Crimea, war in Donbass, mobilization of resources to maintain the country's defense capabilities, which negatively affected the labor market. The change in the labor force and the intensification of labor migration processes to the EU countries also had a negative impact.

On the other hand, there was a flow of part of the population that was part of the labor force, in the group of economically inactive, ie those who do not belong to the labor force. This was mainly due to a sharp increase in the number of retirees in 2014, as processes began to implement the pension reform, which provided for an increase in retirement age, length of service, restrictions on pensions and more. This has become a catalyst for the growth of this indicator. Also, mainly due to the decrease in the employed population, there was an increase in the number of mobilized persons for a special period, as well as persons who went to military service under contract. Reserves for labor growth have been identified by reducing the number of people who do not know where and how to look for work, the desperate, those who believe that there is no suitable job, work in seasonal jobs, the total value of which is estimated at 4.6 thousand people, and completion war in the Donbass will increase this figure to at least 10 thousand people.