DIGITAL ECONOMY: PERSPECTIVES AND TRENDS

Abstract

The relevance of the digital economy today is driven by the development of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and 5G, which are changing the way business is conducted, leading to new consumption models and process optimization. It allows companies to operate in the global market, providing access to new customers and growth opportunities. The use of digital technologies enhances the efficiency of business processes, contributing to cost reduction and increased profitability. Consumers are increasingly choosing digital channels for shopping and interacting with brands, pushing companies toward online business models.

The digital economy can ensure more efficient resource use and reduce environmental impact through the implementation of circular business models and technologies. It also promotes greater accessibility to services and goods for broader segments of the population, especially in regions with limited access to traditional markets. Governments worldwide see the digital economy as a key to economic growth and social progress, making it a focal point of public policy and regulation.

The article examines the digital economy as a type of economic activity that arises from the integration of people, companies, devices, data, and processes through digital technologies. The digital economy includes online transactions and interactions across various sectors, relying on technologies such as the internet and information and communication technologies. It is significantly different from the traditional economy, as it is based on new approaches and has a transformational impact on industries. The article discusses examples of the development of the digital economy, including e-commerce, social media, and automation through artificial intelligence. It is based on the use of technologies such as 5G and IoT, which facilitate the growth of this sector. The digital economy contributes to increased productivity and new sources of revenue, alongside challenges related to privacy and security. The impact of the digital economy on the environment is evaluated, highlighting the rise of digital waste and emissions, which requires political and technological reforms to ensure sustainable development.