FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF PROVIDING HEALTH CARE
Abstract
Protection of life and health is one of the principles enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine. This aspect confirms the importance of this sphere, as it is aimed at preserving the biological stability of individuals' lives, and, accordingly, the stability of society. At the same time, the health care system has a broad and complex manifestation, as it regulates a huge number of issues: training and development of medical professionals, development of fixed assets, creation of the latest treatment methods, provision of medical care to everyone who needs it, etc. In this regard, the issue of financing all these areas, which can be allocated within the system, is becoming more relevant. However, the limitation of financial resources does not allow financing at the maximum level of its needs, and therefore highlighting the most important while maintaining parity between directions is extremely important.
In general, the healthcare system is a set of enterprises, institutions, organizations, and bodies whose activities are aimed at administering and directly providing healthcare services to the population. Each state is free to choose how to implement its policy, including in the healthcare sector. Therefore, there is a wide variety of healthcare system organizations in the world. At the same time, the historical retrospective and evolution of the system as a whole were aimed at balanced financing of the sector in the context of limited budgetary resources.
Ukraine's healthcare system is characterized by a mixed system, which is a symbiosis of the Semashko model and the market model. This is due to the fact that our country inherited the «Soviet legacy» in the form of an outdated healthcare system that lags behind European countries and is problematic in terms of financing (as it is financed from the budget in the face of budget deficits). However, the current transformation policy of the healthcare system has borrowed some aspects of insurance medicine by creating a state insurer, the National Health Service of Ukraine. At the same time, the Ukrainian healthcare system continues to evolve, and therefore is on a constant path of development in search of its own model.
