COMMODITY PRODUCTION OF FRUITS AND SMALL FRUITS PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE
Abstract
Commodity of fruit and berry products in the categories of farms (agricultural enterprises and households) is significantly different. After all, the activities of the first is aimed at profit, while the purpose of others is, first of all, ensuring the production of their own needs. These operators occupy different positions on the domestic market of fruits and berries by volume of supply, demand, quality of products, etc. Given this, the study of the volumes, the specific structure of the production of fruit-rich products, the provision of population, marketability in modern economic conditions is relevant.
The main producers of fruits and berries in Ukraine are households. However, their established share in the formation of the product offer is insignificant, since the activity is directed, first of all, to the provision of their own needs. Recorded by the volumes of apples production in 2018 due to favorable soil-climatic conditions. For a long time, agricultural enterprises sell of fruit and berry products mainly to intermediary structures (up to 65%), which results in the concentration of a significant share of profits in the trading loop rather than in the primary (directly from the producer).
Among the strategic directions of the development of the field of gardening should highlight the following: an increase in the production of high quality fruits in specialized agricultural enterprises, in particular, economic partnerships that can provide healthy competition in the market; the formation of standard batches of domestic fruits of various assortment and assortment in the required volumes (depending on consumer demand and the potential of the market infrastructure potential) to meet both domestic needs and export potential expansion; the development of relations between commodity producers and procuring organizations (intermediaries) should be the basis of the commercial policy of the gardening enterprises and be directed at the concentration of primary profits in the primary chain - the direct producers of fruits, which is possible due to the proper development of the trading structure - wholesale fruit and vegetable markets of the world standard and cooperation between small commodity producers; pricing in the domestic fruit market should be aimed at ensuring the price availability of fruit consumption, covering production costs and the possibility of expanding supply; the mutually agreed economic links between the gardening industry and the industrial resource markets should be aimed at providing gardening enterprises with material and technical resources (machinery, fuel, pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) on the principles of equivalence; the use of innovative ecologically safe fruit-growing technologies in gardening enterprises in order to obtain maximum profits with minimal production costs; direction of foreign economic activity on the development of trade relations with other countries and finding its own niche in the world market; investment activity, aimed at attracting capital, in particular, foreign ones. With the formation of stable, stable, aimed at eliminating the shadow mechanisms of doing business in an entrepreneurial atmosphere in the country and effective regulatory framework, it is possible to further create joint gardening enterprises based in part on foreign capital.
