COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GENDER EQUALITY IN EMPLOYMENT IN DIFFERENT WAYS
Abstract
The article provides a comparative analysis of gender equality in employment in Ukraine on various grounds: age groups, age of working capacity, level of employment, level of education.
Issues of gender equality in the workplace remain extremely relevant to the realities of Ukraine. This concept describes a state of respect for the rights of women and men in which neither party feels inequality, oppression and misconduct of any nature whatsoever. At present, gender equality is mainly talked about because of the frequent cases of non-observance of women's rights, first and foremost, of men.
The ratio of employed men and women by age groups in Ukraine in 20102017 is compared. In general, there is a tendency to increase of the number of employed men in the economically active age of 15-70 years. While in working age, this ratio tends to decline. In general, the working age is still dominated by the number of employed men, where the coefficient is 1.09-1.13 units, and already at the age older than the working age women have the advantage over the number of employed. The employment rates of women are comparatively lower than men's and there is a tendency for negative deviations to increase between these indicators, indicating that there are some additional barriers to women's employment.
Ranking of regions of Ukraine by the employment rate of women in 2017 and comparison with the data for 2014 is made. The highest employment rate of women is observed in the economically developed regions of the country and Kyiv, and the lowest in the regions with low levels of remuneration. In most of the ranking regions, the central position also saw a decrease in the employment rate of women compared to 2014, indicating a worsening situation in women's employment and regionally.
A comparison of changes in the employment rate of women by level of education in Ukraine for 2015-2017 has been made. Women with incomplete higher education and vocational education have the best employment opportunities. Somewhat worse job prospects are characterized by women who have completed comprehensive secondary education. Employees with basic general secondary education, especially those with elementary or secondary education, or who have no education at all, have the least chance of employment.
Therefore, having a higher education level is a certain additional guarantee for women's employment. Therefore, as much as possible, women, despite family circumstances and child-rearing, should be encouraged to pursue higher education levels and degrees, which will allow them to find a decent place of work in the future with a decent level of remuneration.
