CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF INTERREGIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES

Abstract

The article substantiates the urgency of intensifying interregional cooperation in the field of innovation, as interregional integration will help reduce the imbalances of innovation development in the country, as well as contribute to the formation of an effective and integrated innovation and network space.

It is substantiated that the effectiveness of management of innovation processes at the regional level depends on the accounting of changes occurring at the macro level, namely the chosen model of innovation development. European experience shows that currently the model of open innovation is developing in the direction of regional strategies of «smart specialization». In particular, it is assumed that each region / country should have its own innovation specialization according to the existing competitive advantages. At present, compliance with this condition is the main source of financial support from the Structural Investment Fund. At present, a significant number of programs of innovation initiatives and interregional cooperation in the field of innovation and research have been implemented and continue to be implemented in the EU. Among them: INTERREG, Horizon 2020, Joint Technology Initiatives (JTI). European Innovation Partnerships (EIP), etc.

Currently, the real economic situation, the level of competitiveness and investment in Ukraine want to be better due to the high level of shadowing and a significant degree of regulation of business intensification. This state of the domestic economy proves that the potential of available resources is almost exhausted and to achieve significant positive changes is possible only if the formation and implementation of an adequate innovative model of national economy, taking into account world best practices in this area, and development strategies to world market.

Ukraine's position on the constituent elements of the Global Innovation Index for the period 2015-2019 is studied. According to the results of the ranking of 129 countries according to the components of GII-2019, Ukraine occupies the best positions in the world according to the following indicators: according to the created utility models; for the employment of women with academic degrees; by the number of students per teacher in high school; by created trademarks; 8th place according to the created industrial designs. The worst positions of Ukraine according to the results of GII-2019 are recorded by sub-indices of the state of the institutional environment (political, regulatory, business), infrastructure development and the internal market. Also, for several years in a row, the critical value (1% of GDP) of the research expenditure indicator, namely in the range of 0,6-0,7% of GDP.

The principles of interregional integration of innovation processes are outlined: integration of all regions of the country into a single integrated system for multiplying joint innovation development; a combination of centralized management of innovation processes at the national level and self-government at the regional level; minimization of risks and threats of loss of competitiveness from openness of regions; coordination of interests through the interregional coordinating institute concerning positions of regions in interregional management of innovative activity