THE ROLE OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN THE PROCESSES OF GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

Abstract

Transnational corporations are one of the most important and most dominant phenomena of the modern world economy, which make qualitatively new changes in the international economic space . The growth in the number of multinational companies and their activities is also reflected in changes in the sectoral structure and related changes in the geographical structure of TNCs.Today, there are more than 70 thousands TNCs in the world and they control more than 860,000 branches worldwide. Increasingly, their total capital exceeds the total GDP of some countries, gaining a leading position in strategic types of international economy. Yes, they control more than 50% of world industrial production; 70% of international trade; 90% of foreign direct investment; more than 80% of patents and licenses for new equipment, technologies and know-how.TNCs are the leading organizational structure in the international market and control a significant portion of international capital and trade. TNCs penetrate foreign markets, conquer them, achieve competitive advantages through corporate policy, support profits and profits, becoming leading players in the international market order with states.The article analyzes the place of TNCs in international economic development, their concentration in the regions of the world.Assessment of the geographical structure of the most powerful world TNCs prove the leadership of the United States among most countries, but with each year, their role decreases and China’s influence grows.A comparison of the annual income of TNCs with the GDP of some countries.In 2020, the most common sector was technology, with large technologies dominating the top ten. A significant number of companies were characterized by the consumer, financial and medical sectors.Thus, TNCs, controlling a significant part of the world's resources and using a significant share of the most qualified staff, occupy new market niches, seek to further expand economic power, provide additional opportunities for economic growth and economic development. Therefore, in view of the above, the problem of increasing the influence of TNCs and deepening the processes of transnationalization of the economy remains relevant.